Day 2

Session Summary – Process, Package & Networking Basics Timeline

00:00 – 00:40 | Session Recap & Agenda

• Trainer checks if students practiced file permission commands

• Introduction to today’s topic: Process Management

00:40 – 02:15 | Viewing Running Processes

• Introduction to top command

• Understanding running processes

• init/systemd process (PID 1)

02:15 – 04:20 | Installing and Monitoring a Service

• Installing nginx

• Viewing processes using:

  • top

  • ps aux

• Understanding process IDs (PID)

04:20 – 07:10 | Running Processes in Background

• Foreground vs background processes

• Using & to run commands in background

• Example: sleep 30 &

• Checking background jobs with jobs

07:10 – 11:25 | Job Control: Foreground & Background

• Using fg to bring job to foreground

• Understanding job IDs

• Managing multiple background jobs

• Job states: running, done, terminated

11:25 – 14:15 | Introduction to Daemon Processes

• What is a daemon process

• Running applications in background permanently

• Example: Python or web server processes

14:15 – 18:15 | Managing Services with systemctl

• Checking service status:

  • systemctl status nginx

• Stopping and starting services:

  • systemctl stop nginx

  • systemctl start nginx

• Accessing nginx via browser

18:15 – 24:10 | Creating Daemon Services

• Location of service files:

  • /etc/systemd/system/

• Understanding service configuration

• Enabling services at boot:

  • systemctl enable

24:10 – 30:40 | Student Q&A: Running Python App in Background

• Problem: terminal blocked when running app

• Difference between:

  • Foreground scripts

  • Web server applications

• Using ports and frameworks (Django, Uvicorn)

Package Management Section

30:40 – 32:20 | What is Package Management

• Concept of installing software in Linux

• Comparison with Windows software installation

32:20 – 33:20 | Installing Packages with APT

• Using apt as package manager

• Installing tools:

  • Example: nginx

  • Example: net-tools

33:20 – 34:40 | Updating and Upgrading Packages

• apt update

• apt upgrade

• System-wide updates

34:40 – 35:45 | Removing Packages

• apt remove

• apt purge (remove config files too)

• apt autoremove (remove unused dependencies)

35:45 – 37:20 | Other Package Managers

• RHEL/CentOS: yum

• Fedora: dnf

• Comparison of package managers across Linux distros

Networking Commands Section

37:20 – 39:10 | Basic Networking Concept

• How systems connect to internet

• Routers and network interfaces

• Private IP concept

39:10 – 40:40 | Checking Network Interfaces

• ifconfig command

• Loopback vs Ethernet interface

• Understanding IP addresses

40:40 – 44:30 | Checking Open Ports with netstat

• Using:

  • netstat -tulnp

• Checking which service is using a port

• Example: nginx on port 80

• Explanation of flags:

  • t → TCP

  • u → UDP

  • l → listening

  • n → numeric

  • p → process ID

44:30 – 46:20 | Checking Connectivity with ping

• Using ping google.com

• Packet transmission and response

• Network troubleshooting basics

46:20 – 48:20 | Network Path Debugging with traceroute

• Concept of hops

• How data travels across routers

• Basic introduction to traceroute

Session Wrap-Up

48:20 – 49:50 | Topic Summary
Covered:

• Process management

• Daemon services

• Package management

• Networking commands

49:50 – End | Closing & Next Session Plan

• Disk management topic planned for next session

• Q&A

• Session end